Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE
Discourses 1.18 ¶1 — Epictetus
From “That We Ought Not to Be Angry with the Errors (Faults) of Others”
Translation by George Long (1877)
Epictetus, Discourses 1.18 ¶1
If what philosophers say is true, that all men have one principle, as in the case of assent the persuasion that a thing is so, and in the case of dissent the persuasion that a thing is not so, and in the case of a suspense of judgment the persuasion that a thing is uncertain, so also in the case of a movement towards any thing the persuasion that a thing is for a man’s advantage, and it is impossible to think that one thing is advantageous and to desire another, and to judge one thing to be proper and to move towards another, why then are we angry with the many? They are thieves and robbers, you may say. What do you mean by thieves and robbers? They are mistaken about good and evil. Ought we then to be angry with them, or to pity them? But show them their error, and you will see how they desist from their errors. If they do not see their errors, they have nothing superior to their present opinion.
Cite this passage
Epictetus, Discourses 1.18 ¶1, tr. George Long (1877)
https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/1.18.1
Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences
In plain English
AI-written notesEveryone acts on what they believe is to their advantage, so people who steal or harm others are mistaken about what is truly good rather than simply wicked. That makes pity and patient correction more fitting than anger, since they cannot do better until they see their error.
Older wording
- “assent”
- — agreement with, or acceptance of, a claim
- “suspense of judgment”
- — holding back from deciding either way
Themes and situations
- Anger
- Kindness and forgiveness
- Judgements and impressions
- Justice and fairness
- Being angry with someone
- Being treated unfairly
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