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What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Discourses 1.19 ¶3 — Epictetus

From “How We Should Behave to Tyrants”

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Discourses 1.19 ¶3

This is not a perverse self-regard, for the animal is constituted so as to do all things for itself. For even the sun does all things for itself; nay, even Zeus himself. But when he chooses to be the Giver of rain and the Giver of fruits, and the Father of Gods and men, you see that he cannot obtain these functions and these names if he is not useful to man; and, universally, he has made the nature of the rational animal such that it cannot obtain any one of its own proper interests, if it does not contribute something to the common interest. In this manner and sense it is not unsociable for a man to do everything for the sake of himself. For what do you expect? that a man should neglect himself and his own interest? And how in that case can there be one and the same principle in all animals, the principle of attachment (regard) to themselves?
— Epictetus, Discourses 1.19 ¶3 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

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Epictetus, Discourses 1.19 ¶3, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/1.19.3

Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

Read Book I, Chapter 19 in context →

In plain English

AI-written notes

Looking after yourself is natural and not selfish, because a human is built so that real self-interest cannot be achieved without being useful to others. Even Zeus earns his titles as giver of rain and father of gods and men by serving humankind.

Older wording

“rational animal”
— a human being, defined by the ability to reason

Themes and situations

  • Community and our duty to others
  • Nature and the cosmos
  • Duty and roles
  • Justice and fairness

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