Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE
Discourses 2.14 ¶4 — Epictetus
From “To Naso”
Translation by George Long (1877)
Epictetus, Discourses 2.14 ¶4
Our way of dealing is like that of a crowded assembly. Beasts are brought to be sold and oxen; and the greater part of the men come to buy and sell, and there are some few who come to look at the market and to inquire how it is carried on, and why, and who fixes the meeting and for what purpose. So it is here also in this assembly (of life): some like cattle trouble themselves about nothing except their fodder. For to all of you who are busy about possessions and lands and slaves and magisterial offices, these are nothing except fodder. But there are a few who attend the assembly, men who love to look on and consider what is the world, who governs it. Has it no governor? And how is it possible that a city or a family cannot continue to exist, not even the shortest time without an administrator and guardian, and that so great and beautiful a system should be administered with such order and yet without a purpose and by chance? There is then an administrator. What kind of administrator and how does he govern? And who are we, who were produced by him, and for what purpose? Have we some connection with him and some relation towards him, or none? This is the way in which these few are affected, and then they apply themselves only to this one thing, to examine the meeting and then to go away. What then? They are ridiculed by the many, as the spectators at the fair are by the traders; and if the beasts had any understanding, they would ridicule those who admired anything else than fodder.
Cite this passage
Epictetus, Discourses 2.14 ¶4, tr. George Long (1877)
https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/2.14.4
Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences
In plain English
AI-written notesLife is like a crowded market where most people are busy buying and selling possessions, land and offices, which are mere fodder, while a few come to ask who runs the place and why we are here. Those who ask are ridiculed by the busy crowd, but an ordered world suggests a purpose and a governor worth understanding.
Older wording
- “fodder”
- — animal feed
- “magisterial offices”
- — official government posts
Themes and situations
- Nature and the cosmos
- Learning and progress
- Ambition and success
- Wealth and poverty
- Reputation and others' opinions
- Searching for meaning
- Feeling life is slipping by
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