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What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Discourses 2.4 ¶2 — Epictetus

From “Against a Person Who Had Once Been Detected in Adultery”

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Discourses 2.4 ¶2

“What then, are not women common by nature?” So I say also; for a little pig is common to all the invited guests, but when the portions have been distributed, go, if you think it right, and snatch up the portion of him who reclines next to you, or slyly steal it, or place your hand down by it and lay hold of it, and if you cannot tear away a bit of the meat, grease your fingers and lick them. A fine companion over cups, and Socratic guest indeed. “Well, is not the theatre common to the citizens?” When then they have taken their seats, come, if you think proper, and eject one of them. In this way women also are common by nature. When then the legislator, like the master of a feast, has distributed them, will you not also look for your own portion and not filch and handle what belongs to another. “But I am a man of letters and understand Archedemus.” Understand Archedemus then, and be an adulterer, and faithless, and instead of a man, be a wolf or an ape: for what is the difference?
— Epictetus, Discourses 2.4 ¶2 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

Cite this passage

Epictetus, Discourses 2.4 ¶2, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/2.4.2

Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

Read Book II, Chapter 4 in context →

In plain English

AI-written notes

A rebuttal to the excuse that something shared by nature is free for anyone to take: even a communal roast is divided among guests, and grabbing another's portion is theft. The analogy treats wives as property to be allocated, which reflects ancient attitudes; the underlying point is that being learned does not excuse breaking trust.

Older wording

“filch”
— steal something small
“legislator”
— a lawgiver
“Archedemus”
— a Stoic philosopher

Themes and situations

  • Virtue and character
  • Justice and fairness
  • Self-discipline and habit
  • Desire and craving
  • An ethical dilemma

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