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What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Fragments 169 — Epictetus

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Fragments 169

Of the things which are, God has put some of them in our power, and some he has not. In our own power he has placed that which is the best and the most important, that indeed through which he himself is happy, the use of appearances (φαντασιῶν). For when this use is rightly employed, there is freedom, happiness, tranquillity, constancy: and this is also justice and law, and temperance, and every virtue. But all other things he has not placed in our power. Wherefore we also ought to be of one mind with God, and making this division of things, to look after those which are in our power; and of the things not in our power, to entrust them to the Universe (τῷ κόσμῳ), and whether it should require our children, or our country, or our body, or anything else, willingly to give them up.
— Epictetus, Fragments 169 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

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Epictetus, Fragments 169, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/epictetus-fragments/169

Epictetus, Enchiridion and Fragments, tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

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In plain English

AI-written notes

Some things are up to us and some are not, and the most important of those that are is how we use our impressions and judge what happens. Handle that well and you gain freedom, calm and every virtue; leave everything else, even loved ones or your own body, to the universe and be ready to let it go.

Older wording

“use of appearances”
— how you judge and respond to your impressions of events
“the Universe”
— the whole natural order

Themes and situations

  • What is in our control
  • Acceptance and fate
  • Freedom
  • Judgements and impressions
  • Virtue and character
  • Anxiety about the future
  • Bereavement

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