Seneca · c. 4 BCE – 65 CE
On Anger 2.11 ¶1–2 — Seneca
Translation by Aubrey Stewart (1889)
Seneca, On Anger 2.11 ¶1–2
“Anger,” says our opponent, “is useful, because it avoids contempt, and because it frightens bad men.” Now, in the first place, if anger is strong in proportion to its threats, it is hateful for the same reason that it is terrible: and it is more dangerous to be hated than to be despised. If, again, it is without strength, it is much more exposed to contempt, and cannot avoid ridicule: for what is more flat than anger when it breaks out into meaningless ravings? Moreover, because some things are somewhat terrible, they are not on that account desirable: nor does wisdom wish it to be said of the wise man, as it is of a wild beast, that the fear which he inspires is as a weapon to him. Why, do we not fear fever, gout, consuming ulcers? and is there, for that reason, any good in them? nay; on the other hand, they are all despised and thought to be foul and base, and are for this very reason feared. So, too, anger is in itself hideous and by no means to be feared; yet it is feared by many, just as a hideous mask is feared by children. How can we answer the fact that terror always works back to him who inspired it, and that no one is feared who is himself at peace? At this point it is well that you should remember that verse of Laberius, which, when pronounced in the theatre during the height of the civil war, caught the fancy of the whole people as though it expressed the national feeling:— “He must fear many, whom so many fear.”
Cite this passage
Seneca, On Anger 2.11 ¶1–2, tr. Aubrey Stewart (1889)
https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/on-anger/2.11.1
Seneca, Dialogues, tr. Aubrey Stewart (1887–1889). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences
In plain English
AI-written notesSome claim anger is useful because it prevents contempt and scares off bad people, but what is terrifying is also hated, and hatred is more dangerous than contempt, while weak anger just invites ridicule. Fever and ulcers are feared too, yet nobody admires them, and anyone who frightens many people must himself fear many.
Older wording
- “gout”
- — a painful joint disease
Themes and situations
- Anger
- Reputation and others' opinions
- Leadership and power
- Insult and criticism
- Leading others
- A difficult boss
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